Pane kudiwa kuri kukura kwevadzidzi-centered learning (SCL) muzvikoro zvedzidzo yepamusoro, kusanganisira zvemazino.Nekudaro, SCL ine mashoma ekushandisa mudzidzo yemazino.Naizvozvo, chidzidzo ichi chine chinangwa chekusimudzira mashandisirwo eSCL mukurapa mazino nekushandisa sarudzo muti muchina kudzidza (ML) tekinoroji kumepu yakasarudzika yekudzidza maitiro (LS) uye inoenderana nzira dzekudzidza (IS) dzevadzidzi vemazino sechishandiso chinobatsira pakugadzira IS nhungamiro. .Inovimbisa nzira dzevadzidzi vemazino.
Huwandu hwevadzidzi vemazino ve255 kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMalaya vakapedza iyo yakagadziridzwa Index of Learning Styles (m-ILS) yemibvunzo, iyo yaive nezvinhu makumi mana nemana kuti zvizviise muzvikamu zvavo zveLSs.Iyo data yakaunganidzwa (inonzi dhatabheti) inoshandiswa mukutariswa kwemuti wekuita sarudzo kuenzanisa otomatiki masitayipi ekudzidza evadzidzi neIS yakakodzera kwazvo.Iko kurongeka kwemuchina kudzidza-yakavakirwa IS kurudziro chishandiso chinozoongororwa.
Kushandiswa kwemhando dzemiti yesarudzo mune otomatiki mepu maitiro pakati peLS (yekuisa) neIS (yakananga kuburitsa) inobvumira rondedzero yekukurumidza yemaitiro akakodzera ekudzidza kumudzidzi wega wega wemazino.Iyo IS yekurudziro chishandiso yakaratidza huchokwadi hwakakwana uye kuyeuka kweiyo yakazara modhi kurongeka, zvichiratidza kuti kuenzanisa LS neIS kune manzwiro akanaka uye hunhu.
Chishandiso chekurudziro cheIS chakavakirwa pamuti wesarudzo weML waratidza kugona kwayo kunyatsoenderana nemaitiro evadzidzi vemazino nemaitiro akakodzera ekudzidza.Ichi chishandiso chinopa sarudzo dzakasimba dzekuronga makosi akatarisana nevadzidzi kana mamodule anogona kusimudzira ruzivo rwevadzidzi.
Kudzidzisa uye kudzidza zviitiko zvakakosha mumasangano edzidzo.Paunenge uchigadzira yemhando yepamusoro dzidzo yehunyanzvi, zvakakosha kuti titarise pane zvinodiwa pakudzidza zvevadzidzi.Kudyidzana pakati pevadzidzi nenzvimbo yavo yekufunda inogona kutsanangurwa kuburikidza neLS yavo.Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kusawirirana kunotarisirwa nemudzidzisi pakati peLS yevadzidzi neIS kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakudzidza kwemudzidzi, sekudzikira kwekutarisisa uye kukurudzira.Izvi zvichakanganisa kuita kwevadzidzi zvisina kunanga [1,2].
IS inzira inoshandiswa nevadzidzisi kupa ruzivo nehunyanzvi kuvadzidzi, kusanganisira kubatsira vadzidzi kudzidza [3].Kazhinji, vadzidzisi vakanaka vanoronga nzira dzekudzidzisa kana IS inonyatsoenderana neruzivo rwevadzidzi vavo, pfungwa dzavari kudzidza, uye nhanho yavo yekudzidza.Zvichienderana, kana LS neIS dzichienderana, vadzidzi vanozokwanisa kuronga nekushandisa seti yehunyanzvi kudzidza zvinobudirira.Kazhinji, chirongwa chechidzidzo chinosanganisira shanduko dzakati wandei pakati pezvinhanho, sekubva pakudzidzisa kuenda kugwara rekuita kana kubva kutsika inotungamirwa kuenda kune yakazvimirira.Tichifunga izvi, vadzidzisi vanobudirira vanowanzoronga rairo vaine chinangwa chekuvaka ruzivo nehunyanzvi hwevadzidzi [4].
Iko kudiwa kweSCL kuri kukura muzvikoro zvepamusoro, kusanganisira mazino.Mazano eSCL akagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nevadzidzi pakudzidza.Izvi zvinogona kuitwa, semuenzaniso, kana vadzidzi vachitora chikamu mune zvekudzidza uye vadzidzisi vakaita sevafambisi uye vane basa rekupa mhinduro dzakakosha.Zvinonzi kupa zvekushandisa pakudzidza uye zviitwa zvinoenderana nedanho redzidzo revadzidzi kana zvavanofarira zvinogona kuvandudza nzvimbo yekudzidza yevadzidzi uye kukurudzira zviitiko zvakanaka zvekudzidza [5].
Kazhinji, kudzidza kwevadzidzi vemazino kunopesvedzerwa nematanho akasiyana ekiriniki avanosungirwa kuita uye nharaunda yekiriniki mavanokudziridza hunyanzvi hwekudyidzana.Chinangwa chekudzidziswa ndechekuita kuti vadzidzi vabatanidze ruzivo rwekutanga rwemazino nehunyanzvi hwekurapa mazino uye kushandisa ruzivo rwakawanikwa kumamiriro matsva ekiriniki [6, 7].Tsvagiridzo yepakutanga muhukama pakati peLS neIS yakaona kuti kugadzirisa nzira dzekudzidza dzakamisikidzwa kune inodiwa LS kwaizobatsira kuvandudza maitiro edzidzo [8].Vanyori vanokurudzirawo kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzidzisa nekuongorora kuti dzienderane nekudzidza nezvinodiwa nevadzidzi.
Vadzidzisi vanobatsirwa nekushandisa ruzivo rweLS kuvabatsira kugadzira, kugadzira, uye kuita rairo inosimudzira kuwaniswa kwevadzidzi ruzivo rwakadzama uye kunzwisisa kwechidzidzo.Vatsvakurudzi vakagadzira maturusi akawanda ekuongorora eLS, akadai seKolb Experiential Learning Model, Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model (FSSLM), uye Fleming VAK/VARK Model [5, 9, 10].Zvinoenderana nezvinyorwa, aya mamodheru ekudzidza ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa uye anonyanya kudzidzwa mhando dzekudzidza.Murizvino basa rekutsvagisa, FSLSM inoshandiswa kuongorora LS pakati pevadzidzi vemazino.
FSLSM imodeli inoshandiswa zvakanyanya yekuongorora inoshanduka kudzidza muinjiniya.Kune akawanda akadhindwa mabasa mune zvehutano sainzi (kusanganisira mushonga, mukoti, pharmacy uye mazino) anogona kuwanikwa uchishandisa FSLSM modhi [5, 11, 12, 13].Chimbo chinoshandiswa kuyera zviyero zveLS muFLSM chinonzi Index of Learning Styles (ILS) [8], ine zvinhu zve44 zvinoongorora zviyero zvina zveLS: kugadzirisa (kushanda / kufungidzira), maonero (kuona / intuitive), kuisa (kuona)./ kutaura) uye kunzwisisa (kutevedzana/pasi rose) [14].
Sezvinoratidzwa muFigure 1, imwe neimwe FSLSM dimension ine inotungamira sarudzo.Semuenzaniso, muchikamu chekugadzirisa, vadzidzi vane "inoshingaira" LS vanosarudza kugadzirisa ruzivo nekubatana zvakananga nezvinhu zvekudzidza, kudzidza nekuita, uye vanowanzodzidza mumapoka.Iyo "reflective" LS inoreva kudzidza kuburikidza nekufunga uye inofarira kushanda wega.Iyo "yekuziva" dimension yeLS inogona kukamurwa kuita "kunzwa" uye / kana "intuition."Vadzidzi ve "kunzwa" vanosarudza ruzivo rwakanyanya uye maitiro anoshanda, ane chokwadi-akanangana ne "intuitive" vadzidzi vanosarudza abstract material uye vanonyanya kugadzira uye kugadzira muzvisikwa.Iyo "input" dimension yeLS ine "vanoona" uye "mazwi" vadzidzi.Vanhu vane “sual” LS vanosarudza kudzidza kuburikidza nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa (senge madhayagiramu, mavhidhiyo, kana zviratidziro zvinorarama), nepo vanhu vane “mazwi” LS vachifarira kudzidza kuburikidza nemazwi akanyorwa kana nemuromo tsananguro.Ku "kunzwisisa" zviyero zveLS, vadzidzi vakadaro vanogona kukamurwa kuita "sequential" uye "global"."Vadzidzi vanoteedzana vanosarudza mutsara wepfungwa maitiro uye vanodzidza nhanho nhanho, nepo vadzidzi vepasirese vanowanzove neyakakwana yekufunga maitiro uye vanogara vaine kunzwisisa kuri nani kwezvavari kudzidza.
Munguva ichangopfuura, vatsvakurudzi vakawanda vakatanga kuongorora nzira dzekuwana otomatiki-inofambiswa nedata, kusanganisira kuvandudzwa kwemaalgorithms matsva uye mamodheru anokwanisa kududzira yakawanda data [15, 16].Kubva pane data rakapihwa, inotariswa ML (muchina kudzidza) inokwanisa kugadzira mapatani uye fungidziro inofanotaura mhedzisiro yeramangwana zvichienderana nekuvakwa kwealgorithms [17].Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, anotariswa muchina kudzidza matekiniki anonyengedza data rekuisa uye chitima algorithms.Inobva yagadzira huwandu hunoisa kana kufanotaura mhedzisiro zvichienderana nemamiriro akafanana eiyo data yekupinza yakapihwa.Mukana mukuru weanotariswa muchina kudzidza algorithms kugona kwayo kumisikidza yakanaka uye inodiwa mhedzisiro [17].
Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemaitiro anofambiswa nedata uye sarudzo yemiti yekutonga mhando, otomatiki kuona kweLS kunogoneka.Miti yezvisarudzo yakanzi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvirongwa zvekudzidzisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira hutano sainzi [18, 19].Muchidzidzo ichi, modhi yacho yakanyatsodzidziswa nevagadziri vehurongwa kuti vaone LS yevadzidzi uye kuvakurudzira yakanakira IS kwavari.
Chinangwa chechidzidzo chino ndechekugadzira nzira dzekutumira dzeIS dzinobva paLS yevadzidzi uye kushandisa nzira yeSCL nekugadzira chishandiso chekurudziro cheIS chakaiswa kuLS.Kuyerera kwekugadzira kweIS kurudziro yekushandisa sechirongwa cheSCL nzira inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Iyo IS yekurudziro yekushandisa yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, kusanganisira iyo LS classification mechanism inoshandisa ILS uye yakanyanya kukodzera IS kuratidzwa kwevadzidzi.
Kunyanya, hunhu hweruzivo rwekukurudzira maturusi anosanganisira kushandiswa kwewebhu tekinoroji uye kushandiswa kwechisarudzo muti muchina kudzidza.Vagadziri veSitimu vanovandudza ruzivo rwemushandisi uye kufamba nekuvachinjisa kune nharembozha senge mbozha nhare uye mahwendefa.
Kuedza kwakaitwa mumatanho maviri uye vadzidzi veFaculty of Dentistry paYunivhesiti yeMalaya vakapinda mukuzvidira.Vatori vechikamu vakapindura mudzidzi wemazino yepamhepo m-ILS muChirungu.Muchikamu chekutanga, dataset yevadzidzi makumi mashanu yakashandiswa kudzidzisa iyo sarudzo muti muchina kudzidza algorithm.Muchikamu chechipiri chegadziriro yebudiriro, dhatabheti yevadzidzi mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu neshanu yakashandiswa kuvandudza iko kurongeka kwechiridzwa chakagadzirwa.
Vese vatori vechikamu vanogashira pfupiso yepamhepo pakutanga kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe, zvichienderana negore redzidzo, kuburikidza neMicrosoft Teams.Chinangwa chechidzidzo chakatsanangurwa uye chibvumirano cheruzivo chakawanikwa.Vese vatori vechikamu vakapihwa chinongedzo chekuwana iyo m-ILS.Mudzidzi mumwe nomumwe akarayirwa kuti apindure zvinhu zvose 44 zviri pamibvunzo.Vakapiwa vhiki imwe chete kuti vapedze iyo yakagadziridzwa ILS panguva nenzvimbo yakavaitira panguva yekuzorora semesita isati yatanga semesita.Iyo m-ILS yakavakirwa pane yekutanga ILS chiridzwa uye yakagadziridzwa yevadzidzi vemazino.Zvakafanana neILS yepakutanga, ine zvinhu makumi mana nemana zvakagovaniswa zvakaenzana (a, b), iine zvinhu gumi neimwe chimwe nechimwe, izvo zvinoshandiswa kuongorora zvikamu zveimwe neimwe FSLSM dimension.
Pakati pematanho ekutanga ekugadzirwa kwezvishandiso, vaongorori vakatsanangura mamepu vachishandisa dataset yevadzidzi vemazino makumi mashanu.Sekureva kweFSLM, sisitimu iyi inopa huwandu hwemhinduro "a" uye "b".Pachiyero chega chega, kana mudzidzi akasarudza “a” semhinduro, LS inoverengerwa seAnoshanda/Pfungwa/Inoona/Yakatevedzana, uye kana mudzidzi akasarudza “b” semhinduro, mudzidzi anoiswa muboka seReflective/Intuitive/Linguistic. ./ mudzidzi wepasi rose.
Mushure mekuenzanisa mafambiro ebasa pakati pevaongorori vedzidzo yemazino nevagadziri vehurongwa, mibvunzo yakasarudzwa zvichibva pane FLSSM domain uye yakaiswa muML modhi kufanotaura LS yemudzidzi wega wega."marara mukati, marara kunze" chirevo chakakurumbira mumunda wekudzidza muchina, nekusimbisa pamhando yedata.Hunhu hweiyo data yekuisa inotaridza iko kurongeka uye kurongeka kwemashini ekudzidza modhi.Munguva yechikamu cheinjiniya, imwe nyowani seti inogadzirwa inova huwandu hwemhinduro "a" uye "b" zvichibva paFLSSM.Nhamba dzekuzivikanwa dzenzvimbo dzezvinodhaka dzinopihwa muTebhu 1.
Verenga zvibodzwa zvichienderana nemhinduro uye uone LS yemudzidzi.Pamudzidzi mumwe nemumwe, zvibodzwa zvinobva pa1 kusvika pa11. Zvibodzwa kubva pa1 kusvika pa3 zvinoratidza kuenzana kwezvido zvekudzidza mukati mechikamu chimwe chete, uye zvibodzwa kubva pa5 kusvika pa7 zvinoratidza kuda kuri pakati nepakati, zvichiratidza kuti vadzidzi vanowanzoda nzvimbo imwe chete yekudzidzisa vamwe. .Imwe misiyano pachiyero chimwe chete ndeyekuti zvibodzwa kubva pa9 kusvika ku11 zvinoratidza kusimba kwakasimba kune imwe mugumo kana imwe [8].
Pachiyero chimwe nechimwe, zvinodhaka zvakaiswa muboka re "kushanda", "reflective" uye "kuenzanisa".Semuyenzaniso, kana mudzidzi apindura kuti “a” kakawanda kupfuura “b” pachinhu chakasarudzwa uye zvibodzwa zvake zvakadarika chikumbaridzo che5 kune chimwe chinhu chinomiririra Processing LS dimension, iye ndewe “active” LS. domain..Nekudaro, vadzidzi vakarongedzerwa se "reflective" LS pavakasarudza "b" kupfuura "a" mumibvunzo 11 chaiyo (Tafura 1) uye vakawana zvinopfuura mapoinzi mashanu.Pakupedzisira, mudzidzi ari mumamiriro e "equilibrium."Kana iyo mamakisi isingapfuure 5 mapoinzi, saka iyi i "maitiro" LS.Maitiro ekuronga akadzokororwa kune mamwe mazinga eLS, anoti maonero (anoshanda / kuratidzira), kuisa (kuona / kutaura), uye kunzwisisa (kutevedzana/pasi rose).
Sarudzo yemiti yemhando inogona kushandisa akasiyana-siyana ezvimiro uye mitemo yesarudzo pamatanho akasiyana ehurongwa hwekuisa.Inoonekwa seyakakurumbira kupatsanura uye kufanotaura chishandiso.Inogona kumiririrwa uchishandisa chimiro chemuti senge flowchart [20], umo mune node dzemukati dzinomiririra bvunzo nehunhu, bazi rimwe nerimwe rinomiririra mhinduro dzebvunzo, uye imwe neimwe yeshizha node (leaf node) ine kirasi label.
Purogiramu yakapfava-yakavakirwa pamitemo yakagadzirwa kuti iwane otomatiki uye kududzira LS yemudzidzi wega wega zvichienderana nemhinduro dzavo.Rule-based inotora chimiro chechirevo cheIF, apo "KANA" inotsanangura chinokonzeresa uye "THEN" inotsanangura chiito chinofanira kuitwa, semuenzaniso: "Kana X ikaitika, ita Y" (Liu et al., 2014).Kana iyo data seti ichiratidza kuwirirana uye sarudzo yemuti yemhando yakadzidziswa nemazvo uye nekuongororwa, nzira iyi inogona kuve nzira inoshanda yekugadzira otomatiki maitiro ekufananidza LS neIS.
Muchikamu chechipiri chekusimudzira, dataset yakawedzerwa kusvika ku255 kuti ivandudze kurongeka kwechishandiso chekukurudzira.Iyo data seti yakakamurwa muchiyero che1: 4.25% (64) ye data set yakashandiswa pakuedza seti, uye yakasara 75% (191) yakashandiswa segadziriro yekudzidzira (Mufananidzo 2).Iyo data seti inoda kupatsanurwa kudzivirira iyo modhi kubva kudzidziswa uye kuyedzwa pane imwecheteyo data set, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti modhi iyeuke pane kudzidza.Iyo modhi inodzidziswa pane yekudzidziswa seti uye inoongorora mashandiro ayo pabvunzo set-data iyo muenzaniso haina kumbobvira yaona.
Kana chishandiso cheIS chagadzirwa, chishandiso chinozokwanisa kuisa LS zvichienderana nemhinduro dzevadzidzi vemazino kuburikidza newebhu interface.Iyo web-based information security recommendation tool system inovakwa uchishandisa Python programming language uchishandisa Django framework sebackend.Tafura 2 inodonongodza maraibhurari anoshandiswa mukugadzira iyi system.
Iyo dataset inopihwa kune sarudzo yemuti modhi kuverenga uye kubvisa mhinduro dzevadzidzi kuti vagoisa otomatiki zviyero zvemudzidzi.
Iyo yekuvhiringidzika matrix inoshandiswa kuongorora iko kurongeka kwechisarudzo muti muchina wekudzidza algorithm pane yakapihwa data set.Panguva imwecheteyo, inoongorora mashandiro emhando yemhando.Inopfupikisa fungidziro yemuenzaniso uye inoaenzanisa neiyo chaiyo data zvinyorwa.Migumisiro yekuongorora inobva pamhando ina dzakasiyana: True Positive (TP) - muenzaniso wakafanotaura nenzira yakarurama chikamu chakanaka, False Positive (FP) - muenzaniso wakafanotaura chikamu chakanaka, asi chinyorwa chechokwadi chakanga chisina kunaka, Chokwadi Negative (TN) - muenzaniso wakanyatsofanotaura kirasi yakaipa, uye yenhema yakaipa (FN) - Muenzaniso unofanotaura kirasi isina kunaka, asi iyo yechokwadi chinyorwa chakanaka.
Aya makosi anozoshandiswa kuverenga akasiyana siyana ekuita metrics eiyo scikit-dzidza classification modhi muPython, kureva kunyatsojeka, kurongeka, kurangarira, uye F1 mamakisi.Heino mienzaniso:
Recall (kana senitivity) inoyera kugona kwemuenzaniso kunyatsorongedza LS yemudzidzi mushure mekupindura mubvunzo wem-ILS.
Kunyatsozivikanwa kunonzi chiyero chechokwadi chisina kunaka.Sezvauri kuona kubva pafomati iri pamusoro, iyi inofanirwa kuve chiyero chechokwadi chisina kunaka (TN) kune chokwadi chisina kunaka uye chenhema positives (FP).Sechikamu chechishandiso chinokurudzirwa chekuisa mukirasi mishonga yevadzidzi, inofanirwa kunge ichikwanisa kuzivikanwa.
Iyo yekutanga dataset yevadzidzi makumi mashanu yakashandiswa kudzidzisa muti wesarudzo ML modhi yakaratidza kuderera kwechokwadi nekuda kwekukanganisa kwevanhu mune zvirevo (Tafura 3).Mushure mekugadzira chirongwa chakareruka-chakavakirwa kuverengera otomatiki zvibodzwa zveLS uye zvirevo zvevadzidzi, nhamba inowedzera yedatasets (255) yakashandiswa kudzidzisa uye kuyedza iyo recommender system.
Mune multiclass kuvhiringidzika matrix, iyo diagonal zvinhu zvinomiririra huwandu hwekufungidzira kwakaringana kune yega yega LS mhando (Mufananidzo 4).Uchishandisa muenzaniso wemuti wesarudzo, huwandu hwemakumi matanhatu nemana sampuli dzakafanotaurwa nenzira kwayo.Nekudaro, muchidzidzo ichi, diagonal zvinhu zvinoratidza zvinotarisirwa mhedzisiro, zvichiratidza kuti modhi inoita zvakanaka uye inofanotaura nemazvo iroro rekirasi kune yega yega LS class.Saka, kurongeka kwese kwechishandiso chekukurudzira ndeye 100%.
Hukoshi hwekurongeka, kurongeka, kurangarira, uye F1 mucherechedzo unoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5. Kune yekurudziro system uchishandisa sarudzo yemuti muenzaniso, yayo F1 mamakisi ndeye 1.0 "yakakwana," ichiratidza kunyatsokwana uye kurangarira, inoratidzira kwakakosha kunzwa uye hunhu. values.
Mufananidzo 6 unoratidza kuratidzwa kwemuenzaniso wemuti wesarudzo mushure mekudzidziswa uye kuyedzwa kwapera.Mukuenzanisa-ne-parutivi, muenzaniso wemuti wesarudzo wakadzidziswa nemaitiro mashoma wakaratidza kurongeka kwepamusoro uye nyore kuona modhi.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chimiro cheinjiniya chinotungamira kukudzikisira chimiro inhanho yakakosha mukuvandudza mashandiro emodhi.
Nekushandisa sarudzo inotariswa yemuti wekudzidza, mepu iri pakati peLS (yekuisa) neIS (chinangwa chinobuda) inogadzirwa otomatiki uye ine ruzivo rwakadzama kune yega yega LS.
Mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti 34.9% yevadzidzi mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu vakada imwe (1) LS sarudzo.Ruzhinji (54.3%) rwaive nembiri kana kupfuura dzeLS.12.2% yevadzidzi vakaona kuti LS yakanyatsogadzikana (Table 4).Pamusoro peiyo sere huru LS, kune makumi matatu nemana musanganiswa weLS classifications yeYunivhesiti yeMalaya vadzidzi vemazino.Pakati pavo, maonero, maonero, uye kusanganiswa kwemaonero uye maonero ndiyo huru LS yakataurwa nevadzidzi (Mufananidzo 7).
Sezvinoonekwa kubva paTafura 4, ruzhinji rwevadzidzi vaive neruzivo rwakanyanya (13.7%) kana kuona (8.6%) LS.Zvakataurwa kuti 12.2% yevadzidzi vakabatanidza maonero nekuona (perceptual-visual LS).Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti vadzidzi vanofarira kudzidza nekurangarira kuburikidza nenzira dzakatarwa, kutevedzera nzira dzakadzama uye dzakadzama, uye vanoteerera mune zvakasikwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, vanonakidzwa nekudzidza nekutarisa (kushandisa madhayagiramu, nezvimwewo) uye vanowanzo kurukura uye kushandisa ruzivo mumapoka kana ivo pachavo.
Chidzidzo ichi chinopa mucherechedzo wemakina ekudzidza muchina anoshandiswa mukuchera data, iine tarisiro yekufembera ipapo uye nemazvo LS yevadzidzi uye kurumbidza yakakodzera IS.Kushandiswa kwemuenzaniso wemuti wesarudzo kwakaratidza zvinhu zvine hukama zvakanyanya nehupenyu hwavo uye zviitiko zvedzidzo.Iyo inotariswa muchina kudzidza algorithm inoshandisa chimiro chemuti kurongedza data nekupatsanura seti yedata muzvikamu zvidiki zvichienderana nemamwe maitiro.Inoshanda nekudzokorodza kupatsanura data rekupinza muzvikamu zvidiki zvichienderana nekukosha kwechimwe chezvibodzwa zvemukati menodhi yega yega kusvika sarudzo yaitwa pashizha node.
Manodhi emukati emuti wemusarudzo anomiririra mhinduro yakavakirwa pamaitiro ekuisa eiyo m-ILS dambudziko, uye mashizha node anomiririra yekupedzisira LS classification kufanotaura.Muchidzidzo chese, zviri nyore kunzwisisa hutungamiri hwemiti yesarudzo inotsanangura nekuona maitiro esarudzo nekutarisa hukama pakati pezvimiro zvekupinza uye kufanotaura kwezvinobuda.
Muminda yesainzi yekombuta nehuinjiniya, maalgorithms ekudzidza muchina anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kufanotaura kuita kwevadzidzi zvichibva pane yavo yekupinda bvunzo zvibodzwa [21], ruzivo rwehuwandu hwevanhu, uye maitiro ekudzidza [22].Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti iyo algorithm yakanyatsofanotaura kuita kwevadzidzi uye yakavabatsira kuona vadzidzi vari panjodzi yekunetsekana kwedzidzo.
Iko kushandiswa kweML algorithms mukuvandudza kweanoona murwere simulators yekudzidziswa mazino kunoshumwa.Iyo simulator inokwanisa kunyatso kuburitsa mhinduro dzemuviri dzevarwere chaivo uye inogona kushandiswa kudzidzisa vadzidzi vemazino munzvimbo yakachengeteka uye inodzorwa [23].Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvinoratidza kuti muchina kudzidza maalgorithms anogona kukwanisa kuvandudza kunaka uye kugona kwemazino uye dzidzo yekurapa uye kutarisirwa kwevarwere.Michina yekudzidza algorithms yakashandiswa kubatsira mukuongororwa kwezvirwere zvemazino zvichibva pamaseti e data senge zviratidzo uye hunhu hwemurwere [24, 25].Nepo zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaongorora kushandiswa kwemichina yekudzidza algorithms kuita mabasa akadai sekufanotaura zvinozoitika nevarwere, kuziva varwere vane njodzi huru, kugadzira zvirongwa zvekurapa zvemunhu [26], periodontal kurapwa [27], uye caries kurapwa [25].
Kunyangwe mishumo pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemichina yekudzidza mumazino yakaburitswa, kushandiswa kwayo mudzidzo yemazino kunoramba kuine mashoma.Naizvozvo, chidzidzo ichi chakanangana nekushandisa sarudzo yemuti muenzaniso kuona zvinhu zvakanyanya hukama neLS uye IS pakati pevadzidzi vemazino.
Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi inoratidza kuti chishandiso chekurudziro chakagadziridzwa chine huronyo hwepamusoro uye nekururama kwakakwana, zvichiratidza kuti vadzidzisi vanogona kubatsirwa nemudziyo uyu.Ichishandisa data-inotungamirwa kurongedza maitiro, inogona kupa kurudziro yemunhu uye kugadzirisa zviitiko zvedzidzo uye mhedzisiro yevadzidzisi nevadzidzi.Pakati pazvo, ruzivo rwakawanwa kuburikidza nematurusi ekukurudzira anogona kugadzirisa kusawirirana pakati penzira dzekudzidzisa dzinosarudzwa nevadzidzisi uye zvinodiwa nevadzidzi pakudzidza.Semuenzaniso, nekuda kweiyo otomatiki kubuda kwezvishandiso zvekurudziro, nguva inodiwa yekuziva IP yevadzidzi uye kuifananidza neiyo IP inoenderana ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya.Nenzira iyi, mabasa ekudzidzisa akakodzera uye zvinhu zvekudzidzisa zvinogona kurongeka.Izvi zvinobatsira kukudziridza maitiro akanaka evadzidzi ekudzidza uye kugona kuisa pfungwa.Imwe ongororo yakataura kuti kupa vadzidzi zvinhu zvekudzidza uye zviitiko zvekudzidza zvinoenderana neLS yavanoda zvinogona kubatsira vadzidzi kubatanidza, kugadzirisa, uye kunakidzwa nekudzidza nenzira dzakawanda kuti vawane mukana wakakura [12].Tsvagiridzo inoratidzawo kuti kunze kwekuvandudza kutora chikamu kwevadzidzi mukirasi, kunzwisisa maitiro ekudzidza kwevadzidzi kunoitawo basa rakakosha mukuvandudza maitiro ekudzidzisa uye kutaurirana nevadzidzi [28, 29].
Zvisinei, kungofanana noruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu rwazvino uno, pane zvinetso neganhuriro.Izvi zvinosanganisira nyaya dzine chekuita nekuvanzika kwedata, kurerekera uye kururamisira, uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye zviwanikwa zvinodiwa kugadzira nekuita maalgorithms ekudzidza muchina mudzidzo yemazino;Nekudaro, kuwedzera kufarira uye kutsvagisa munzvimbo ino kunoratidza kuti matekinoroji ekudzidza muchina anogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakanaka padzidzo yemazino nemasevhisi emazino.
Migumisiro yechidzidzo ichi inoratidza kuti hafu yevadzidzi vemazino vane tsika ye "kuona" zvinodhaka.Rudzi urwu rwemudzidzi runofarira chokwadi nemienzaniso chaiyo, kutungamira kunoshanda, moyo murefu kune zvakadzama, uye "kuona" LS yekuda, apo vadzidzi vanosarudza kushandisa mifananidzo, mifananidzo, mavara, uye mepu kuburitsa pfungwa nemifungo.Mhedzisiro yazvino inowirirana nezvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoshandisa ILS kuongorora LS muvadzidzi vemazino uye vezvokurapa, vazhinji vacho vane hunhu hwekuona uye kuona LS [12, 30].Dalmolin et al vanoratidza kuti kuzivisa vadzidzi nezveLS yavo kunovabvumira kusvika pakudzidza kwavo.Vatsvakurudzi vanopikisa kuti kana vadzidzisi vakanyatsonzwisisa maitiro ezvidzidzo zvevadzidzi, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzidzisa uye zviitiko zvinogona kuitwa zvinovandudza kushanda kwevadzidzi uye ruzivo rwekudzidza [12, 31, 32].Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kugadzirisa LS yevadzidzi kunoratidzawo kuvandudzwa kweruzivo rwevadzidzi nekuita kwavo mushure mekushandura masitayipi avo ekudzidza kuti aenderane neLS yavo [13, 33].
Maonero evadzidzisi anogona kusiyana maererano nekushandiswa kwenzira dzekudzidzisa zvichienderana nekugona kudzidza kwevadzidzi.Nepo vamwe vachiona mabhenefiti enzira iyi, kusanganisira mikana yebudiriro yehunyanzvi, kudzidziswa, uye kutsigirwa kwenharaunda, vamwe vanogona kunetseka nezve nguva nerutsigiro rwemasangano.Kuvavarira kudzikamisa ndicho chinhu chikuru pakugadzira mafungiro emudzidzi.Zviremera zvedzidzo yepamusoro, sevatungamiriri veyunivhesiti, vanogona kuita basa rakakosha mukufambisa shanduko yakanaka nekuunza maitiro matsva uye kutsigira hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza [34].Kuti vagadzire hurongwa hwedzidzo yepamusoro hune simba uye hunodavirwa, vanogadzira mitemo vanofanira kutora matanho akashinga, akadai sekuchinja mutemo, kupa zviwanikwa mukubatanidza tekinoroji, nekugadzira masisitimu anosimudzira nzira dzakanangana nevadzidzi.Aya matanho akakosha kuti uwane mhedzisiro inodiwa.Kutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano pamusoro pemirayiridzo yakasiyana-siyana yakaratidza zvakajeka kuti kubudirira kwekuita kwemirairo yakasiyana-siyana kunoda kuenderera mberi kwekudzidziswa uye mikana yekuvandudza vadzidzisi [35].
Ichi chishandiso chinopa rubatsiro rwakakosha kuvadzidzisi vemazino vanoda kutora nzira inonangana nemudzidzi pakuronga zviitwa zvekudzidza zvine hushamwari nemudzidzi.Nekudaro, chidzidzo ichi chinogumira pakushandiswa kwemuti wesarudzo ML modhi.Mune ramangwana, data rakawanda rinofanirwa kuunganidzwa kuenzanisa mashandiro emhando dzakasiyana dzekudzidza muchina kuenzanisa chokwadi, kuvimbika, uye nemazvo ematurusi ekukurudzira.Pamusoro pezvo, pakusarudza nzira yakakodzera kwazvo yekudzidza muchina kune rimwe basa, zvakakosha kufunga zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekuoma kwemuenzaniso uye kududzira.
Mhedziso yechidzidzo ichi ndechekuti yakangotarisa pakugadzira mepu LS uye IS pakati pevadzidzi vemazino.Naizvozvo, iyo yakagadziridzwa yekurudziro system inongokurudzira iyo inokodzera vadzidzi vemazino.Shanduko dzinodikanwa pakushandiswa kwevadzidzi vedzidzo yepamusoro.
Iyo ichangobva kugadzirwa muchina wekudzidza-yakavakirwa kurudziro chishandiso chinokwanisa kurongedza ipapo nekufananidza LS yevadzidzi kune inoenderana IS, zvichiita kuti ive yekutanga chirongwa chedzidzo yemazino kubatsira vadzidzisi vemazino kuronga zvakakodzera kudzidzisa nekudzidza zviitiko.Ichishandisa data-inotyairwa triage maitiro, inogona kupa kurudziro yakasarudzika, kuchengetedza nguva, kuvandudza marongero ekudzidzisa, kutsigira kwakanangwa kupindira, uye kukurudzira inoenderera mberi hunyanzvi.Chishandiso chayo chinosimudzira nzira dzakanangana nevadzidzi padzidzo yemazino.
Gilak Jani Associated Press.Kuenzanisa kana kusapindirana pakati pemadzidzisiro emudzidzi nemadzidzisiro emudzidzisi.Int J Mod Dzidzisa Computer Sayenzi.2012;4(11):51–60.https://doi.org/10.5815/ijmecs.2012.11.05
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-29-2024