Augmented reality (AR) tekinoroji yakaratidza kushanda mukuratidza ruzivo uye kupa 3D zvinhu.Kunyangwe vadzidzi vachiwanzo shandisa AR maapplication kuburikidza nenharembozha, mapurasitiki modhi kana 2D mifananidzo ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukucheka mazino maekisesaizi.Nekuda kwehutatu-dimensional chimiro chemazino, mazino ekuveza vadzidzi vanosangana nematambudziko nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvishandiso zviripo zvinopa nhungamiro inowirirana.Muchidzidzo ichi, takagadzira AR-based dental carving training tool (AR-TCPT) tikaienzanisa nemhando yepurasitiki kuti tiongorore kukwanisa kwayo sechimbo chekudzidzira uye ruzivo nekushandiswa kwayo.
Kutevedzera kucheka mazino, isu takaita sequentially kugadzira chinhu che3D chaisanganisira maxillary canine uye maxillary first premolar (nhanho 16), mandibular yekutanga premolar (nhanho 13), uye mandibular yekutanga molar (danho 14).Zvicherechedzo zvemifananidzo zvakagadzirwa uchishandisa Photoshop software zvakapihwa zino rega rega.Yakagadzira AR-yakavakirwa nharembozha uchishandisa iyo Unity injini.Nekuveza mazino, vatori vechikamu 52 vakagoverwa kuboka rinodzora (n = 26; vachishandisa epurasitiki mazino emhando) kana boka rekuedza (n = 26; vachishandisa AR-TCPT).22-chinhu chemibvunzo yakashandiswa kuongorora ruzivo rwemushandisi.Kuenzanisa data kuongororwa kwakaitwa pachishandiswa nonparametric Mann-Whitney U bvunzo kuburikidza nechirongwa cheSPSS.
AR-TCPT inoshandisa nharembozha kamera kuona mamaki emifananidzo uye kuratidza zvinhu zve3D zvezvidimbu zvezino.Vashandisi vanogona kushandisa mudziyo kuti uongorore nhanho imwe neimwe kana kudzidza chimiro chezino.Mhedzisiro yeongororo yeruzivo rwemushandisi yakaratidza kuti kana ichienzaniswa neboka rekutonga richishandisa mhando dzepurasitiki, boka rekuyedza reAR-TCPT rakawana zvakanyanya pameno ekuveza ruzivo.
Kuenzaniswa nemhando dzepurasitiki dzechinyakare, AR-TCPT inopa zvirinani mushandisi ruzivo kana uchiveza mazino.Chishandiso chiri nyore kuwana sezvo chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa nevashandisi panharembozha.Imwe tsvagiridzo inodiwa kuona maitiro edzidzo eAR-TCTP pahuwandu hwemazino akavezwa pamwe nehunyanzvi hwemushandisi hwekuvezera.
Dental morphology uye maitiro anoshanda chikamu chakakosha chedzidzo yemazino.Iyi kosi inopa dzidziso uye inoshanda nhungamiro pane morphology, basa uye zvakananga kuveza zvimiro zvezino [1, 2].Nzira yechinyakare yekudzidzisa ndeyekudzidza nedzidziso uyezve kuita kuveza mazino zvichienderana nemisimboti yadzidzwa.Vadzidzi vanoshandisa maviri-dimensional (2D) mifananidzo yemazino uye epurasitiki mhando kuveza mazino pane wakisi kana plaster zvidhinha [3,4,5].Kunzwisisa mazino morphology kwakakosha pakurapa kwekudzorera uye kugadzirwa kwekudzoreredza mazino mukuita kwekiriniki.Ukama hwakarurama pakati peanopikisa uye mazino akareba, sezvinoratidzwa nechimiro chavo, zvakakosha kuchengetedza occlusal uye positional kugadzikana [6, 7].Kunyangwe makosi emazino anogona kubatsira vadzidzi kuwana kunyatsonzwisisa kwemazino morphology, vachiri kutarisana nematambudziko mukucheka kwakabatana nemaitiro echinyakare.
Vatsva kutsika yemazino morphology vanotarisana nedambudziko rekududzira uye kubereka mifananidzo ye2D muzvikamu zvitatu (3D) [8,9,10].Maumbirwo emazino anowanzo kumiririrwa nemifananidzo-mativi maviri kana mapikicha, zvichikonzera kunetsa mukuona mazino morphology.Pamusoro pezvo, kudiwa kwekukurumidza kuita kuveza mazino munzvimbo shoma uye nguva, pamwe nekushandiswa kwemifananidzo ye2D, zvinoita kuti zviomere vadzidzi kufunga uye kuona maumbirwo e3D [11].Kunyange zvazvo mhando dzemazino epurasitiki (anogona kuratidzwa seakapedzwa zvishoma kana kuti ari muchimiro chekupedzisira) achibatsira mukudzidzisa, kushandiswa kwawo kunogumira nokuti mapurasitiki epurasitiki ezvokutengeserana anowanzofanotsanangurwa uye kuderedza mikana yekudzidzira kuvadzidzisi nevadzidzi[4].Pamusoro pezvo, aya maekisesaizi mamodheru ndeesangano redzidzo uye haagone kuve ari evadzidzi vega, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwemutoro wekurovedza muviri panguva yekirasi yakapihwa.Vadzidzisi vanowanzodzidzisa nhamba huru yevadzidzi panguva yekudzidzira uye kazhinji vanovimba nenzira dzechinyakare dzechinyakare, izvo zvinogona kuguma nekumirira kwenguva refu kumhinduro yemudzidzisi pamatanho epakati ekuveza [12].Nokudaro, pane kudiwa kwegwaro rekuveza kuti rive nyore muitiro wekuveza mazino uye kuderedza miganhu inoiswa nemhando dzepurasitiki.
Augmented reality (AR) tekinoroji yabuda sechombo chinovimbisa chekuvandudza ruzivo rwekudzidza.Nekufukidza ruzivo rwedhijitari panzvimbo yehupenyu chaihwo, tekinoroji yeAR inogona kupa vadzidzi ruzivo rwakanyanya uye runonyudza [13].Garzón [14] akakwevera pamakore makumi maviri nemashanu echiitiko nezvizvarwa zvitatu zvekutanga zvekurongwa kwedzidzo yeAR uye akapokana kuti kushandiswa kwenharembozha dzinodhura uye maapplication (kuburikidza nenharembozha uye maapplication) muchizvarwa chechipiri cheAR kwakavandudza zvakanyanya kuwaniswa kwedzidzo. maitiro..Kana yangogadzirwa uye yaiswa, nharembozha inobvumira kamera kuona uye kuratidza rumwe ruzivo nezve zvinhu zvinozivikanwa, nekudaro kuvandudza ruzivo rwemushandisi [15, 16].Tekinoroji yeAR inoshanda nekukasira kuziva kodhi kana tag yemufananidzo kubva kune nharembozha kamera, ichiratidza yakavharika ruzivo rwe3D kana yaonekwa [17].Nekushandisa nharembozha kana mamaki emifananidzo, vashandisi vanogona kuona uye kunzwisisa zviri nyore uye nekunzwisisa zvimiro zve 3D [18].Muongororo yakaitwa naAkçayır naAkçayır [19], AR yakawanikwa ichiwedzera "kunakidza" uye kubudirira "kuwedzera mazinga ekutora chikamu chekudzidza."Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuoma kwe data, tekinoroji inogona "kunetsa kuti vadzidzi vashandise" uye kukonzera "kunzwisisa kuwandisa," inoda mamwe mazano ekuraira [19, 20, 21].Naizvozvo, kuedza kunofanirwa kuitwa kuwedzera kukosha kwekudzidzisa kweAR nekuwedzera usability uye kuderedza basa rakaoma kuwandisa.Zvinhu izvi zvinofanirwa kutariswa kana uchishandisa AR tekinoroji kugadzira maturusi ekudzidzisa ekudzidzira kuveza mazino.
Kutungamira vadzidzi zvinobudirira mukuveza mazino vachishandisa AR nharaunda, inoenderera muitiro inofanira kuteverwa.Iyi nzira inogona kubatsira kuderedza kusiyanisa uye kukurudzira kuwana unyanzvi [22].Vavezi vekutanga vanogona kuvandudza kunaka kwebasa ravo nekutevera dhijitari nhanho-ne-nhanho yekuveza mazino maitiro [23].Kutaura zvazviri, nzira yekudzidzisa nhanho-nhanho yakaratidzwa kuti inoshanda pakuziva unyanzvi hwekuveza munguva pfupi uye kuderedza zvikanganiso mukugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kwekudzorera [24].Mundima yekudzoreredza mazino, kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekunyora pamusoro pemazino inzira inoshanda yekubatsira vadzidzi kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwavo [25].Ichi chidzidzo chine chinangwa chekugadzira AR-based dental carving practice tool (AR-TCPT) yakakodzera nharembozha uye kuongorora ruzivo rwayo rwemushandisi.Pamusoro pezvo, chidzidzo ichi chakaenzanisa ruzivo rwemushandisi rweAR-TCPT nemhando dzechinyakare dzemazino emazino kuongorora kugona kweAR-TCPT sechishandiso chinoshanda.
AR-TCPT yakagadzirirwa nharembozha dzinoshandisa AR tekinoroji.Ichi chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kugadzira nhanho-ne-nhanho 3D mhando dzemaxillary canines, maxillary yekutanga premolars, mandibular yekutanga premolars, uye mandibular yekutanga molars.Yekutanga 3D modhi yakaitwa uchishandisa 3D Studio Max (2019, Autodesk Inc., USA), uye yekupedzisira modhi yakaitwa uchishandisa Zbrush 3D software package (2019, Pixologic Inc., USA).Kumaka mifananidzo kwakaitwa pachishandiswa Photoshop software (Adobe Master Collection CC 2019, Adobe Inc., USA), yakagadzirirwa kuzivikanwa kwakadzikama nemakamera enhare, muinjini yeVuforia (PTC Inc., USA; http:///developer.vuforia. com)).Iyo AR application inoitwa uchishandisa iyo Unity injini (Kurume 12, 2019, Unity Technologies, USA) uye yakazoiswa nekutangwa pane nharembozha.Kuti uongorore kushanda kweAR-TCPT sechishandiso chekugadzira mazino, vatori vechikamu vakasarudzwa zvisina kurongwa kubva mukirasi yemazino morphology yekudzidzira ye2023 kuti vagadzire boka rekutonga uye boka rekuedza.Vatori vechikamu muboka rekuedza vakashandisa AR-TCPT, uye boka rekutonga rakashandisa mienzaniso yepurasitiki kubva kuTooth Carving Step Model Kit (Nissin Dental Co., Japan).Mushure mekupedza basa rekucheka mazino, ruzivo rwemushandisi rwega rega-pane chishandiso chakaongororwa nekuenzaniswa.Kuyerera kwechidzidzo chekudzidza kunoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Ichi chidzidzo chakaitwa nemvumo yeInstitutional Review Board yeSouth Seoul National University (IRB nhamba: NSU-202210-003).
3D modeling inoshandiswa kuratidza nguva dzose morphological hunhu hwezvakabudikira uye concave zvimiro zve mesial, distal, buccal, lingual uye occlusal pamusoro pemazino panguva yekuveza.Iyo maxillary canine uye maxillary ekutanga premolar mazino akafananidzwa seyero 16, iyo mandibular yekutanga premolar seyero 13, uye mandibular yekutanga molar seyero 14. The preliminary modelling inoratidza zvikamu zvinoda kubviswa uye kuchengetwa muhurongwa hwemafirimu emazino. , sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo.2. Mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yekuenzanisa yemazino inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 3. Mumuenzaniso wekupedzisira, zvinyorwa, mitsara uye grooves inotsanangura chimiro chakaora mwoyo chezino, uye ruzivo rwechifananidzo runobatanidzwa kutungamirira nzira yekugadzira uye kusimbisa zvivako zvinoda kunyatsoteerera.Pakutanga kwechikuva chekuveza, nzvimbo imwe neimwe ine ruvara rwemavara kuratidza payakananga, uye bhuroko rewakisi rinoiswa mitsetse yakasimba inoratidza zvikamu zvinoda kubviswa.Iyo mesial uye distal nzvimbo yezino inoratidzwa nemavara matsvuku kuratidza mazino ekubatanidza mazino ayo acharamba ari mapurojekiti uye haazobviswi panguva yekucheka.Pamusoro pevhu, madonhwe matsvuku anomaka cusp yega yega seyakachengetedzwa, uye miseve mitsvuku inoratidza kwainonyorwa kana uchicheka wakisi.3D modelling yezvikamu zvakachengetwa uye zvakabviswa zvinobvumira kusimbiswa kwe morphology yezvikamu zvakabviswa panguva dzinotevera dzewax block sculpting matanho.
Gadzira yekutanga simulation ye 3D zvinhu mune nhanho-ne-nhanho mazino kuveza maitiro.a: Mesial pamusoro peiyo maxillary yekutanga premolar;b: Zvishoma zvepamusoro uye mesial labial nzvimbo dzemaxillary yekutanga premolar;c: Mesial pamusoro peiyo maxillary yekutanga molar;d: Zvishoma maxillary pamusoro peiyo maxillary yekutanga molar uye mesiobuccal pamusoro.pamusoro.B - dama;Labial inzwi;M - inzwi remukati.
Zvitatu-dimensional (3D) zvinhu zvinomiririra danho nedanho rekucheka mazino.Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza chinhu chakapedzwa che3D mushure meiyo maxillary yekutanga molar modelling process, inoratidza ruzivo uye maumbirwo ega rega rinotevera.Yechipiri 3D modelling data inosanganisira yekupedzisira 3D chinhu chakakwidziridzwa munharembozha.Mitsetse ine madota inomiririra zvikamu zvakakamurwa zvakaenzana zvezino, uye zvikamu zvakapatsanurwa zvinomiririra izvo zvinofanirwa kubviswa chikamu chine mutsara wakasimba chisati chaiswa.Museve mutsvuku we3D unoratidza nzira yekucheka yezino, denderedzwa dzvuku riri padivi redistal rinoratidza nzvimbo yekubata zino, uye cylinder dzvuku pane occlusal surface inoratidza cusp yezino.a: mitsetse ine madoti, mitsetse yakasimba, madenderedzwa matsvuku panzvimbo iri kure nematanho anoratidza chinobvisika wakisi block.b: Kupedzwa kwekupedzisira kwekuumbwa kwekutanga molar yeshaya yepamusoro.c: Tsanangudzo yekuona maxillary yekutanga molar, museve mutsvuku unoratidza kutungamira kwezino uye spacer shinda, tsvuku cylindrical cusp, mutsara wakasimba unoratidza chikamu chinofanira kutemwa pane occlusal surface.d: Zadzisa maxillary yekutanga molar.
Kugonesa kucherechedzwa kwematanho ekuveza anoteedzana uchishandisa nharembozha, mana emifananidzo akagadzirirwa mandibular yekutanga molar, mandibular yekutanga premolar, maxillary yekutanga molar, uye maxillary canine.Makara emifananidzo akagadzirwa achishandisa Photoshop software (2020, Adobe Co., Ltd., San Jose, CA) uye akashandisa nhamba dzenhamba dzedenderedzwa uye inodzokorodza kumashure pateni kusiyanisa zino rega rega, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 4. Gadzira mifananidzo yemhando yepamusoro uchishandisa iyo Vuforia injini (AR marker kugadzira software), uye gadzira uye chengetedza mamaki emifananidzo uchishandisa iyo Unity injini mushure mekugamuchira shanu-nyeredzi yekuzivikanwa mwero weimwe mhando yemufananidzo.Iyo 3D zino modhi inobatanidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kune mamaki emifananidzo, uye chinzvimbo chayo uye saizi inotarwa zvichibva pane mamakisi.Inoshandisa iyo Unity injini uye Android zvikumbiro zvinogona kuiswa panharembozha.
Image tag.Mapikicha aya anoratidza zviratidzo zvemufananidzo zvakashandiswa muchidzidzo chino, izvo zvinozivikanwa nekamera yenharembozha nerudzi rwezino (nhamba mudenderedzwa rega rega).a: yekutanga molar ye mandible;b: yekutanga premolar ye mandible;c: maxillary yekutanga molar;d: maxillary canine.
Vatori vechikamu vakatorwa kubva mugore rekutanga kirasi inoshanda pane mazino morphology yeDhipatimendi reDental Hygiene, Seong University, Gyeonggi-do.Vanogona kutora chikamu vakaziviswa nezvezvinotevera: (1) Kutora chikamu ndeyokuzvidira uye hakusanganisi chero mubhadharo wemari kana wedzidzo;(2) Boka rekutonga richashandisa mhando dzepurasitiki, uye boka rekuyedza richashandisa AR mobile application;(3) kuedza kunotora mavhiki matatu uye kunosanganisira mazino matatu;(4) Vashandisi veAndroid vanogashira chinongedzo chekuisa chishandiso, uye vashandisi veIOS vanogashira mudziyo weAroid une AR-TCPT yakaiswa;(5) AR-TCTP ichashanda nenzira imwechete pane ese ari maviri masisitimu;(6) Random govera boka rekutonga uye boka rekuedza;(7) Kuveza mazino kuchaitwa mumarabhoritari akasiyana;(8) Mushure mekuedza, zvidzidzo zve22 zvichaitwa;(9) Boka rekutonga rinogona kushandisa AR-TCPT mushure mekuedza.Huwandu hwevatori vechikamu makumi mashanu nevaviri vakazvipira, uye fomu remvumo repamhepo rakawanikwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe.Kudzora (n = 26) uye mapoka ekuedza (n = 26) akaiswa zvisina tsarukano achishandisa basa risingaite muMicrosoft Excel (2016, Redmond, USA).Mufananidzo 5 unoratidza kutorwa kwevatori vechikamu uye dhizaini yekuyedza mune inoyerera chati.
Dhizaini yekudzidza yekuongorora zviitiko zvevatori vechikamu nemhando dzepurasitiki uye augmented reality application.
Kutanga Kurume 27, 2023, boka rekuyedza neboka rekutonga rakashandisa AR-TCPT nemhando dzepurasitiki kuveza mazino matatu, zvichiteerana, kwemavhiki matatu.Vatori vechikamu vakaveza premolars uye molars, kusanganisira mandibular yekutanga molar, mandibular yekutanga premolar, uye maxillary yekutanga premolar, ese ane yakaoma morphological maficha.Iyo maxillary canines haina kuisirwa mune yakavezwa.Vatori vechikamu vane maawa matatu pasvondo kuti vacheke zino.Mushure mekugadzirwa kwezino, mienzaniso yepurasitiki uye zviratidzo zvemufananidzo zvekutonga uye mapoka ekuedza, maererano, zvakatorwa.Pasina chiziviso chemufananidzo, zvinhu zvemazino zve 3D hazvina kuvandudzwa neAR-TCTP.Kudzivirira kushandiswa kwemamwe maturusi ekudzidzira, mapoka ekuedza nekudzora aidzidzira kuveza mazino mumakamuri akasiyana.Mhinduro pamusoro pechimiro chezino yakapiwa mavhiki matatu mushure mekupera kwekuedza kuderedza simba remirairo yemudzidzisi.Bvunzurudzo yakaitwa mushure mekuchekwa kwemandibular yekutanga molars yapera muvhiki rechitatu raKubvumbi.Bvunzo yakagadziridzwa kubva kuSanders et al.Alfala et al.akashandisa mibvunzo 23 kubva [26].[27] yakaongorora misiyano muchimiro chemoyo pakati pezviridzwa zvekudzidzira.Zvisinei, muchidzidzo ichi, chimwe chinhu chekugadzirisa zvakananga pane imwe neimwe nhanho chakabviswa kubva kuAlfalah et al.[27].Zvinhu zve22 zvakashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi zvinoratidzwa muTebhu 1. Mapoka ekutonga uye ekuedza aiva neCronbach's α values ye0.587 uye 0.912, maererano.
Kuongororwa kwedata kwakaitwa pachishandiswa SPSS statistical software (v25.0, IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA).Muedzo wemativi maviri ekukosha wakaitwa padanho rekukosha re0.05.Muedzo chaiwo waFisher wakashandiswa kuongorora hunhu hwakajairwa senge murume kana mukadzi, zera, nzvimbo yekugara, uye ruzivo rwekuveza mazino kuratidza kugoverwa kwehunhu uhwu pakati pekutonga nemapoka ekuyedza.Mhedzisiro yebvunzo yeShapiro-Wilk yakaratidza kuti data reongororo rakanga risingawanzo kugoverwa (p <0.05).Naizvozvo, iyo nonparametric Mann-Whitney U bvunzo yakashandiswa kuenzanisa kutonga uye mapoka ekuyedza.
Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa nevatori vechikamu panguva yekudzidzira mazino ekuveza zvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 6. Mufananidzo 6a unoratidza muenzaniso wepurasitiki, uye Mifananidzo 6b-d inoratidza AR-TCPT inoshandiswa pane imwe foni.AR-TCPT inoshandisa kamera yemuchina kuona mamaki uye inoratidza yakagadziridzwa 3D yemazino chinhu pachiratidziro icho vatori vechikamu vanogona kunyengera uye kuona munguva chaiyo.Iyo "Inotevera" uye "Yapfuura" mabhatani eiyo nharembozha inokubvumira kuti utarise zvakadzama matanho ekuveza uye morphological maitiro emazino.Kugadzira zino, vashandisi veAR-TCPT vanoenzanisa sequentially yakagadziridzwa 3D pa-screen modhi yezino ine wakisi block.
Dzidzira mazino kuveza.Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza kuenzanisa pakati pechinyakare mazino kuveza tsika (TCP) uchishandisa epurasitiki modhi uye nhanho-ne-nhanho TCP uchishandisa augmented chaiyo maturusi.Vadzidzi vanogona kuona 3D kuveza matanho nekudzvanya Inotevera uye Yakapfuura mabhatani.a: Plastiki modhi mune seti-nhanho-nhanho mienzaniso yekuveza mazino.b: TCP uchishandisa yakawedzera chokwadi chishandiso padanho rekutanga rekutanga mandibular premolar.c: TCP uchishandisa yakawedzera chokwadi chishandiso panguva yekupedzisira nhanho ye mandibular yekutanga premolar kuumbwa.d: Nzira yekuziva mirwi nemakorokoza.IM, mufananidzo label;MD, nharembozha;NSB, "Next" bhatani;PSB, "Previous" bhatani;SMD, nharembozha inobata;TC, mazino ekunyora muchina;W, chivharo chewakisi
Pakanga pasina misiyano yakakosha pakati pemapoka maviri evatori vechikamu vakasarudzwa zvisina tsarukano maererano nevakadzi, makore, nzvimbo yekugara, uye ruzivo rwekuveza mazino (p> 0.05).Boka rekutonga raive ne96.2% vakadzi (n = 25) uye 3.8% varume (n = 1), nepo boka rekuyedza raisanganisira vakadzi chete (n = 26).Boka rekutonga raive ne61.5% (n = 16) yevatori vechikamu vane makore makumi maviri, 26.9% (n = 7) yevatori vechikamu vane makore 21, uye 11.5% (n = 3) yevatori vechikamu vane makore ≥ 22 makore, ipapo kutonga kwekuyedza. boka raive ne73.1% (n = 19) yevatori vechikamu vane makore 20, 19.2% (n = 5) yevatori vechikamu vane makore 21, uye 7.7% (n = 2) yevatori vechikamu vane makore ≥ 22 makore.Panyaya yekugara, 69.2% (n = 18) yeboka rekutonga raigara muGyeonggi-do, uye 23.1% (n = 6) vaigara muSeoul.Mukuenzanisa, 50.0% (n = 13) yeboka rekuedza raigara muGyeonggi-do, uye 46.2% (n = 12) vaigara muSeoul.Chikamu chekutonga uye mapoka ekuedza anogara muIncheon aiva 7.7% (n = 2) uye 3.8% (n = 1), maererano.Muboka rekutonga, vatori vechikamu 25 (96.2%) vakanga vasina ruzivo rwekare nemeno kuveza.Saizvozvowo, vatori vechikamu 26 (100%) muboka rekuedza vakanga vasina ruzivo rwekare nemeno kuveza.
Tafura 2 inopa nhamba dzinotsanangura uye kuenzanisa kwenhamba yemhinduro dzeboka rega rega pazvinhu makumi maviri nezviviri zveongororo.Pakanga pane misiyano yakakura pakati pemapoka mumhinduro kune imwe neimwe ye22 mibvunzo yemibvunzo (p <0.01).Kuenzaniswa neboka rekutonga, boka rekuedza raiva nepamusoro-soro yezvibodzwa pane 21 mibvunzo yemibvunzo.Chete pamubvunzo wechi20 (Q20) wemubvunzo wakaita kuti boka rekutonga rive rakakwirira kupfuura boka rekuedza.Iyo histogram iri muFigure 7 inoratidza mutsauko wezvibodzwa pakati pemapoka.Tafura 2;Mufananidzo 7 unoratidzawo ruzivo rwemushandisi mhedzisiro yepurojekiti yega yega.Muboka rekutonga, chinhu chepamusoro-chepamusoro-soro chaiva nemubvunzo Q21, uye chinhu chepasi-chibodzwa chaiva nemubvunzo Q6.Muboka rekuedza, chinhu chepamusoro-soro chaive nemubvunzo Q13, uye chinhu chepasi-chibodzwa chaiva nemubvunzo Q20.Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 7, musiyano mukuru wezvinoreva pakati peboka rekutonga uye boka rekuedza rinoonekwa muQ6, uye mutsauko muduku unoonekwa muQ22.
Kuenzanisa kwemibvunzo yemibvunzo.Bhara girafu richienzanisa mavhareji ezvibodzwa zveboka rekutonga richishandisa modhi yepurasitiki uye boka rekuedza richishandisa augmented reality application.AR-TCPT, yakawedzera chokwadi yakavakirwa mazino ekuveza kudzidzira chishandiso.
Tekinoroji yeAR iri kuramba ichizivikanwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemazino, kusanganisira kiriniki aesthetics, kuvhiyiwa nemuromo, tekinoroji yekudzorera, mazino morphology uye implantology, uye simulation [28, 29, 30, 31].Semuyenzaniso, Microsoft HoloLens inopa epamberi augmented chaiyo maturusi ekuvandudza dzidzo yemazino uye kuronga kwekuvhiya [32].Virtual chaiyo tekinoroji inopawo nharaunda yekufananidza yekudzidzisa mazino morphology [33].Kunyangwe idzi tekinoroji yepamusoro-inotsamira mumusoro-yakaiswa zviratidziro haisati yave kuwanikwa zvakanyanya mudzidzo yemazino, mobile AR application inogona kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekushandisa kwekiriniki uye kubatsira vashandisi nekukurumidza kunzwisisa anatomy [34, 35].Tekinoroji yeAR inogonawo kuwedzera kukurudzira kwevadzidzi uye kufarira kudzidza morphology yemazino uye kupa ruzivo rwakanyanya uye rwunoita zvekudzidza [36].Maturusi ekudzidza eAR anobatsira vadzidzi kuona maitiro akaoma emazino uye anatomy mu3D [37], iyo yakakosha pakunzwisisa mazino morphology.
Mhedzisiro ye3D yakadhindwa epurasitiki mazino modhi pakudzidzisa mazino morphology yatove nani kupfuura mabhuku ezvinyorwa ane 2D mifananidzo uye tsananguro [38].Nekudaro, digitalization yedzidzo uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwakaita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuunza michina yakasiyana siyana uye matekinoroji muhutano hwehutano uye dzidzo yekurapa, kusanganisira dzidzo yemazino [35].Vadzidzisi vakatarisana nedambudziko rekudzidzisa pfungwa dzakaoma mundima inokurumidza kushanduka uye ine simba [39], iyo inoda kushandiswa kwemaoko akasiyana-siyana pazvishandiso mukuwedzera kune echinyakare yemazino resin mamodheru kubatsira vadzidzi mukuita kuveza mazino.Naizvozvo, chidzidzo ichi chinopa chinoshanda AR-TCPT chishandiso chinoshandisa tekinoroji yeAR kubatsira mukuita kwemazino morphology.
Tsvagiridzo pamusoro peruzivo rwemushandisi wemashandisirwo eAR kwakakosha kuti unzwisise zvinhu zvinopesvedzera kushandiswa kwemultimedia [40].Chiitiko chakanaka chemushandisi weAR chinogona kuona kutungamira kwekukura kwayo nekuvandudza, kusanganisira chinangwa chayo, nyore kushandisa, kushanda zvakanaka, kuratidza ruzivo, uye kupindirana [41].Sezvinoratidzwa muTable 2, kunze kweQ20, boka rekuedza rinoshandisa AR-TCPT rakawana ruzivo rwepamusoro rwevashandisi zvichienzaniswa neboka rekutonga rinoshandisa mapurasitiki emhando.Kuenzaniswa nemhando dzepurasitiki, ruzivo rwekushandisa AR-TCPT mukuita mazino ekuveza rwakayerwa zvakanyanya.Kuongorora kunosanganisira kunzwisisa, kuona, kuona, kudzokorora, kubatsira kwezvishandiso, uye kusiyana kwemaonero.Mabhenefiti ekushandisa AR-TCPT anosanganisira kukurumidza kunzwisisa, kufamba zvakanaka, kuchengetedza nguva, kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekunyora, kufukidza kwakazara, kudzidza kwakavandudzwa, kuderedzwa kwekutsamira kwebhuku, uye kufambidzana, kunakidza, uye ruzivo rwechiitiko.AR-TCPT inofambisawo kudyidzana nemamwe maturusi ekudzidzira uye inopa maonero akajeka kubva kune akawanda maonero.
Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 7, AR-TCPT yakurudzira imwe pfungwa yemubvunzo wechi20: yakazara graphical mushandisi interface inoratidza matanho ese ekuveza mazino anodiwa kubatsira vadzidzi kuita mazino.Kuratidzira kwemaitiro ese ekuveza mazino kwakakosha pakuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekuveza mazino vasati varapa varwere.Boka rekuedza rakagamuchira zvibodzwa zvepamusoro muQ13, mubvunzo unokosha une chokuita nekubatsira kukudziridza unyanzvi hwekuveza mazino uye kuvandudza unyanzvi hwevashandisi vasati varapa varwere, kuratidza kukwanisa kwechishandiso ichi mukudzidzira kwemazino.Vashandisi vanoda kushandisa hunyanzvi hwavanodzidza munzvimbo yekiriniki.Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvekutevera zvinodiwa kuti uongorore kukura uye kushanda kweunyanzvi chaihwo hwekuveza mazino.Mubvunzo wechitanhatu wakabvunza kana mhando dzepurasitiki neAR-TCTP zvingashandiswa kana zvichidiwa, uye mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu dzakaratidza kusiyana kukuru pakati pemapoka maviri.Se app mobile, AR-TCPT yakaratidza kuve nyore kushandisa kana ichienzaniswa nemhando dzepurasitiki.Nekudaro, zvinoramba zvakaoma kuratidza kushanda kwekudzidzisa kweAR maapplication zvichienderana neruzivo rwemushandisi chete.Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinodiwa kuti uongorore mashandiro eAR-TCTP pamapiritsi emazino apera.Nekudaro, muchidzidzo ichi, iyo yepamusoro mushandisi ruzivo ratings yeAR-TCPT inoratidza kugona kwayo sechishandiso chinoshanda.
Ichi chidzidzo chekuenzanisa chinoratidza kuti AR-TCPT inogona kuve yakakosha imwe nzira kana kubatsiridza kune echinyakare epurasitiki modhi mumahofisi emazino, sezvo yakagamuchira chiyero chakanakisa maererano neruzivo rwemushandisi.Nekudaro, kuona hukuru hwayo kunoda kumwe kuverengerwa nevadzidzisi vepakati uye yekupedzisira yakavezwa pfupa.Mukuwedzera, pesvedzero yemusiyano wega wega mune zvekuona kwenzvimbo kugona pane kuveza muitiro uye yekupedzisira zino inodawo kuongororwa.Mano emazino anosiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro ekuveza uye zino rekupedzisira.Naizvozvo, kutsvagisa kwakawanda kunodiwa kuratidza kushanda kweAR-TCPT sechombo chekudzidzira mazino kuveza uye kunzwisisa basa rekugadzirisa uye rekuyananisa rekushandisa kweAR mukugadzira.Tsvagiridzo yeramangwana inofanira kutarisa pakuongorora kusimudzira uye kuongororwa kwemazino morphology maturusi uchishandisa yepamusoro HoloLens AR tekinoroji.
Muchidimbu, chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza kugona kweAR-TCPT sechombo chekudzidzira kuveza mazino sezvo ichipa vadzidzi ruzivo rwekudzidza rutsva uye rwekudyidzana.Zvichienzaniswa neboka remhando yepurasitiki yechinyakare, boka reAR-TCPT rakaratidza zvibodzwa zvepamusoro zvemushandisi, zvinosanganisira mabhenefiti akadai sekunzwisisa nekukurumidza, kudzidza kwakavandudzwa, uye kuderedzwa kwekutsamira kwemabhuku.Iine tekinoroji yayo yakajairika uye nyore kushandisa, AR-TCPT inopa inovimbisa imwe nzira kune yechinyakare maturusi epurasitiki uye inogona kubatsira vatsva ku 3D kuvezwa.Zvisinei, kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kuongorora kubudirira kwayo pakudzidzisa, kusanganisira kukanganisa kwairi kuita vanhu vanogona kugadzira zvivezwa uye kuverengwa kwemazino akavezwa.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-25-2023