MuTennessee nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzinochengetedza tsika dzevanhu munyika, mitemo mitsva inopikisa dzidziso yerudzi rwakakosha iri kukanganisa zvisarudzo zvidiki asi zvakakosha zvinoitwa nevadzidzisi zuva nezuva.
Nyorera tsamba dzeChalkbeat Tennessee dzemahara dzezuva nezuva kuti ugare uchiziva nezvezvikoro zveMemphis-Shelby County uye mutemo wedzidzo yenyika.
Sangano guru revadzidzisi muTennessee rakabatana nevadzidzisi vezvikoro zvehurumende vashanu mukupomerana nemutemo wenyika wemakore maviri wairambidza zvavaigona kudzidzisa nezverudzi, murume kana mukadzi uye rusarura mukirasi.
Nyaya yavo, yakaendeswa kudare reNashville neChipiri manheru nemagweta eTennessee Education Association, inoti mashoko emutemo wa2021 haana kujeka uye haaenderane nebumbiro remitemo uye hurongwa hwehurumende hwekumanikidza vanhu hunobva pamaonero avo.
Chichemo ichi chinotiwo mitemo yeTennessee inonzi "pfungwa dzakarambidzwa" inokanganisa kudzidziswa kwemisoro yakaoma asi yakakosha iri mumitemo yedzidzo yenyika. Mitemo iyi inoratidza zvinangwa zvekudzidza zvakatenderwa nehurumende zvinotungamira zvimwe zvidzidzo zvedzidzo uye zvisarudzo zvebvunzo.
Nyaya iyi ndiyo nyaya yekutanga yekumhan'arira mutemo wenyika une gakava, wekutanga werudzi rwayo munyika yese. Mutemo uyu wakapihwa mushure mekutsoropodzwa nevanochengetedza tsika dzechivanhu vachipikisa kurwiswa kwerusaruraganda kweAmerica mushure mekuurayiwa kwaGeorge Floyd muna 2020 nemupurisa muchena muMinneapolis pamwe nekuratidzira kwakatevera kurwisa rusaruraganda.
Mumiriri weOak Ridge, John Ragan, mumwe wevatsigiri vemutemo weRepublican, akataura kuti mutemo uyu unodiwa kudzivirira vadzidzi veK-12 kubva kune zvavanoona iye nevamwe vamiriri vemitemo sepfungwa dzinotsausa uye dzinoparadzanisa dzepabonde, dzakadai sedzidziso yerusaruraganda. . Ongororo dzevadzidzisi dzinoratidza kuti hwaro uhwu hwedzidzo hahudzidziswe muzvikoro zveK-12, asi hunonyanya kushandiswa mudzidzo yepamusoro kuongorora kuti zvematongerwo enyika nemutemo zvinosimudzira sei rusaruraganda.
Dare reParamende reTennessee rinotongwa neRepublican rakapasisa bhiri iri mumazuva ekupedzisira emusangano wa2021, mazuva mashoma mushure mekunge raunzwa. Gavhuna Bill Lee akakurumidza kurisaina kuti rive mutemo, uye gare gare gore iroro Dhipatimendi reDzidzo redunhu rakanyora mitemo yekurishandisa. Kana zvikawanikwa kuti pane kutyorwa kwemitemo, vadzidzisi vanogona kurasikirwa nemarezenisi avo uye zvikoro zvinogona kurasikirwa nemari yeruzhinji.
Mumakore maviri ekutanga, mutemo uyu waishanda, paine zvichemo zvishoma chete uye pasina faindi. Asi Ragan akaunza mutemo mutsva unowedzera vanhu vanogona kuendesa zvichemo.
Chichemo ichi chinoti mutemo haupi vadzidzisi vemuTennessee mukana wakakodzera wekudzidza kuti ndeapi maitiro nekudzidzisa zvinorambidzwa.
"Vadzidzisi vari munzvimbo iyi isina kujeka kwatisingazive zvatinogona kana zvatisingakwanise kuita kana kutaura mukirasi," akadaro Katherine Vaughn, mudzidzisi ane ruzivo kubva kuTipton County pedyo neMemphis uye mumwe wevadzidzisi vashanu vakamhan'arira." Munyaya iyi.
"Kushandiswa kwemutemo — kubva kuhutungamiriri kusvika pakudzidziswa — hakuchaitiki zvachose," Vaughn akawedzera. "Izvi zvinoisa vadzidzisi parumananzombe."
Nyaya iyi inotiwo mutemo uyu unokurudzira kusimbiswa kwemutemo pasina chikonzero uye rusarura uye unotyora Mutemo weFourteenth Amendment weBumbiro reMitemo reUS, uyo unorambidza chero nyika "kutorera chero munhu hupenyu, rusununguko, kana pfuma pasina mutemo wakakodzera."
"Mutemo unoda kujekeswa," akadaro Tanya Coates, purezidhendi weTEA, boka revadzidzisi riri kutungamira nyaya iyi.
Akati vadzidzisi vanopedza "maawa asingaverengeki" vachiedza kunzwisisa pfungwa gumi nemana dzisingabvumidzwe uye dziri mukirasi, kusanganisira kuti America "ine rusaruraganda kana rusaruraganda"; "kutora mutoro" wezviito zvekare zvevamwe vanhu verudzi rumwe chete kana kuti murume kana mukadzi nekuda kwerudzi rwavo kana murume kana mukadzi.
Kusanzwisisika kwemashoko aya kwave nemhedzisiro inoodza mwoyo kuzvikoro, kubva pamhinduro dzevadzidzisi kumibvunzo yevadzidzi kusvika kuzvinhu zvavanoverenga mukirasi, TEA inoshuma. Kuti vadzivise zvichemo zvinotora nguva uye njodzi yekubhadhariswa faindi kubva kuhurumende, vatungamiriri vezvikoro vakachinja kudzidzisa nemabasa echikoro. Asi pakupedzisira, Coats anoti vadzidzi ndivo vanotambura.
"Mutemo uyu unotadzisa basa revadzidzisi veTennessee mukupa vadzidzi dzidzo yakazara, yakavakirwa pauchapupu," Coates akadaro mumashoko ake kuvatori venhau.
Nyaya iyi ine mapeji makumi mashanu nemaviri inopa mienzaniso chaiyo yekuti kurambidzwa uku kunokanganisa sei zvinodzidzwa nevadzidzi vezvikoro zvehurumende zvekuTennessee vanosvika miriyoni imwe chete uye vasingadzidze zuva nezuva.
"MuTipton County, semuenzaniso, chikoro chakachinja rwendo rwacho rwegore negore kuenda kuNational Civil Rights Museum muMemphis kunoona mutambo webaseball. MuShelby County, mutungamiriri wekwaya akadzidzisa vadzidzi kwemakumi emakore kuimba nekunzwisisa nyaya iri shure kwenziyo dzavanoimba achaonekwa sevanhu vakaparadzaniswa" kana kutyora mutemo unorambidzwa," inodaro nyaya iyi. Mamwe matunhu ezvikoro akabvisa mabhuku kubva muzvidzidzo zvavo nekuda kwemutemo.
Hofisi yaGavhuna haiwanzo taura nezvenyaya dziri kumatare, asi mutauriri Lee Jed Byers akaburitsa chirevo neChitatu maererano nemhosva iyi: "Gavhuna akasaina bhiri iri nekuti mubereki wese anofanira kuve nebasa redzidzo yemwana wake. Ivai vakatendeseka, vadzidzi veTennessee. nhoroondo nemagariro evanhu zvinofanira kudzidziswa zvichibva pachokwadi kwete pamashoko ezvematongerwo enyika anoparadzanisa."
Tennessee yaive imwe yenyika dzekutanga kupasisa mitemo yekudzikamisa kudzika kwekukurukurirana mukirasi nezvepfungwa dzakadai sekusaenzana uye kodzero dzevachena.
MunaKurume, Dhipatimendi reDzidzo reTennessee rakashuma kuti zvichemo zvishoma zvakaendeswa kuzvikoro zvemunharaunda sezvaidiwa nemutemo. Sangano iri rakangogamuchira zvichemo zvishoma chete zvichipikisa zvisarudzo zvemunharaunda.
Imwe yacho yaibva kumubereki wemudzidzi wepachikoro chega chega muDavidson County. Nekuti mutemo uyu haushande kuzvikoro zvega zvega, dhipatimendi rakaona kuti vabereki havana kodzero yekukwidza nyaya yacho pasi pemutemo.
Imwe nyaya yakamhan'arirwa nemubereki wekuBlount County maererano nebhuku rinonzi Wings of the Dragon, bhuku rakataurwa kubva pamaonero emukomana wekuChina aibva kumhuri yekwakabva kuChina mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Hurumende yakaramba nyaya iyi zvichibva pane zvakawanikwa.
Zvisinei, zvikoro zveBlount County zvakabvisa bhuku iri muchirongwa chedzidzo chegiredhi rechitanhatu. Nyaya iyi inotsanangura kukuvara kwepfungwa kwakakonzerwa nemhosva iyi kune mudzidzisi ane makore makumi mana nemashanu ekuberekwa uyo "akanyara nemwedzi yakawanda yematare edzimhosva pamusoro pekunyunyuta kwemubereki mumwe chete nezvebhuku revechidiki rakahwina mibairo." Basa rake rekuti "In Danger" rakatenderwa neDhipatimendi reTennessee. dzidzo uye rakatorwa nebhodhi rechikoro chemunharaunda sechikamu chechirongwa chedzidzo chedunhu.
Dhipatimendi iri rakarambawo kuferefeta nyaya yakaendeswa kuWilliamson County, kumaodzanyemba kweNashville, nguva pfupi mushure mekunge mutemo wapasiswa. Robin Steenman, purezidhendi weFreedom Moms, akati chirongwa cheWit and Wisdom literacy chakashandiswa nezvikoro zveWilliamson County muna 2020-21 chine "hurongwa hwakarerekera zvakanyanya" hunokonzera vana "kuvenga nyika yavo uye kuvenga vamwe" . uye vamwe ivo pachavo. "
Mutauriri akati dhipatimendi rine mvumo yekuferefeta nyaya idzi kutanga mugore rechikoro ra2021-22 uye vakakurudzira Stillman kuti ashande nezvikoro zveWilliamson County kugadzirisa matambudziko ake.
Vakuru vebazi havana kupindura nekukurumidza neChitatu pavakabvunzwa kana nyika yakagamuchira mamwe magwaro ekukwirira mumwedzi yapfuura.
Pasi pemutemo wehurumende uripo, vadzidzi, vabereki, kana vashandi vechikoro chedunhu kana chikoro checharter chete ndivo vanogona kunyunyuta nezvechikoro chavo. Bhiri reRagan, rakatsigirwa pamwe chete naSenator Joey Hensley, Hornwald, raizobvumira chero mugari wechikoro kuti anyunyute.
Asi vatsoropodzi vanoti shanduko yakadaro ingavhura mukana wekuti mapoka ekuchengetedza tsika akaita seLiberal Moms anyunyute kumabhodhi ezvikoro emunharaunda nezvekudzidzisa, mabhuku kana zvinhu zvavanofunga kuti zvinotyora mutemo, kunyangwe zvisina hukama zvakananga nezvikoro. Mudzidzisi ane matambudziko kana chikoro.
Mutemo weProhibition Concept wakasiyana nemutemo weTennessee Act wa2022, uyo, zvichibva pakukwirira kwezvisarudzo zvebhodhi rezvikoro zvemunharaunda, unopa simba komisheni yenyika kurambidza mabhuku kubva mumaraibhurari ezvikoro munyika yese kana vakaona kuti "haana kukodzera zera remudzidzi kana kuti kukura kwake."
Chinyorwa cheMupepeti: Chinyorwa ichi chakagadziridzwa kuti chibatanidze mashoko kubva kuhofisi yaGavhuna nemumwe wevakamhan'arira.
Martha W. Aldrich is a senior reporter covering events at the Tennessee State Capitol. Please contact her at maldrich@chalkbeat.org.
Nekunyoresa, unobvumirana neChirevo chedu cheKuchengetedzwa Kwemashoko, uye vashandisi vekuEurope vanobvumirana neMutemo weKutumira Data. Unogonawo kugamuchira mashoko kubva kune vanotsigira nguva nenguva.
Nekunyoresa, unobvumirana neChirevo chedu cheKuchengetedzwa Kwemashoko, uye vashandisi vekuEurope vanobvumirana neMutemo weKutumira Data. Unogonawo kugamuchira mashoko kubva kune vanotsigira nguva nenguva.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-28-2023