Nyanzvi dzeAI dzinokurukura kuti dzingabatanidza sei AI yakasimba muhutano, nei kushandira pamwe kwenyanzvi dzakasiyana-siyana kuchikosha, uye mukana weAI yekugadzira mukutsvaga.
Feifei Li naLloyd Minor vakapa mashoko ekutanga pamusangano wekutanga weRAISE Health Symposium paStanford University School of Medicine musi wa14 Chivabvu. Steve Fish
Vanhu vazhinji vakabatwa nehungwaru hwekugadzira zvinhu vakambova nenguva yekuti "aha", vachivhura pfungwa dzavo kune dzimwe nyika dzemikana. Pamusangano wekutanga weRAISE Health Symposium musi wa14 Chivabvu, Lloyd Minor, MD, mukuru weStanford University School of Medicine uye mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri wezvekurapa paStanford University, akataura maonero ake.
Mumwe wechidiki aida kuziva paakakumbirwa kuti apfupise zvaakawana nezvenzeve yemukati, akatendeukira kuhungwaru hwekugadzira. “Ndakabvunza kuti, ‘Chii chinonzi superior canal dehiscence syndrome?’ Minor akaudza vatori vechikamu vanosvika 4,000 vekosimendi. Mumasekondi mashoma, ndima dzinoverengeka dzakabuda.
"Zvakanaka, zvakanaka chose," akadaro. "Kuti ruzivo urwu rwakaunganidzwa kuita tsananguro pfupi, yakarurama uye yakajeka yechirwere. Izvi zvinoshamisa chose."
Vazhinji vakafarirawo Minor nezvechiitiko chehafu yezuva, icho chaive chikamu cheRAISE Health initiative, chirongwa chakatangwa neStanford University School of Medicine neStanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI) kutungamira kushandiswa kwakanaka kwehungwaru hwekugadzira mukutsvaga kwezvekurapa, dzidzo, uye kutarisira varwere. Vatauri vakaongorora zvinorehwa nekushandisa hungwaru hwekugadzira mukurapa nenzira isingangobatsiri vanachiremba nemasayendisiti chete, asiwo yakajeka, yakarurama uye yakaenzana kune varwere.
"Tinotenda kuti iyi itekinoroji inovandudza kugona kwevanhu," akadaro Fei-Fei Li, purofesa wesainzi yemakombiyuta paStanford School of Engineering, director weRAISE Health pamwe neMinor project uye co-director weHAI. chizvarwa nechizvarwa, matekinoroji matsva anogona kubuda: kubva kumatanho matsva emamorekuru emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kusvika pakuongorora zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuburitsa zvikamu zvakavanzika zvebiology, AI iri kukurumidza kuwanikwa kwesainzi. Asi hazvisi zvese izvi zvinobatsira. "Zvese izvi zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro isingatarisirwi, uye tinoda masayendisiti emakombiyuta anogadzira nekushandisa [hungwaru hwekugadzira] zvine mutoro, vachishanda nevanhu vakasiyana-siyana, kubva kuvanachiremba nenyanzvi dzetsika ... kusvika kune nyanzvi dzekuchengetedza uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo," anodaro. "Zvirongwa zvakaita seRAISE Health zvinoratidza kuzvipira kwedu kune izvi."
Kubatanidzwa kwezvikamu zvitatu zveStanford Medicine—Chikoro cheMishonga, Stanford Health Care neStanford University School of Child Health Medicine—uye kubatana kwayo nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeStanford University kwakaita kuti nyanzvi dzive nedambudziko rekuvandudzwa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira, manejimendi uye nyaya dzekubatanidza munyaya dzehutano nemishonga. Mushonga, rwiyo rwacho rwakadaro.
"Tiri panzvimbo yakanaka yekuva piyona mukusimudzira nekushandisa zvine hungwaru hwekugadzira, kubva pakuwana zvinhu zvakakosha zvebhayoloji kusvika pakuvandudza kugadzirwa kwemishonga uye kuita kuti maitiro ekuyedza kiriniki ave anoshanda zvakanyanya, kusvika pakupa rubatsiro rwehutano. Magadzirirwo akaitwa hurongwa hwehutano," akadaro.
Vatauri vakati wandei vakasimbisa pfungwa iri nyore: kutarisa pamushandisi (muchiitiko ichi, murwere kana chiremba) uye zvimwe zvese zvichatevera. "Zvinoisa murwere pakati pezvese zvatinoita," akadaro Dr. Lisa Lehmann, director we bioethics paBrigham and Women's Hospital. "Tinofanira kufunga nezvezvinodiwa zvavo uye zvavanokoshesa."
Kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi: Mutauriri weSTAT News Mohana Ravindranath; Jessica Peter Lee weMicrosoft Research; Sylvia Plevritis, purofesa wesainzi yedata rezvekurapa, anokurukura nezvebasa rehungwaru hwekugadzira mukutsvaga kwekurapa. Steve Fish
Vatauri vepadare iri, vaisanganisira Lehmann, nyanzvi yezvekurapa yeStanford University Mildred Cho, MD, naMichael Howell, MD, vakataura nezvekuoma kwehurongwa hwezvipatara, vachisimbisa kukosha kwekunzwisisa chinangwa chazvo vasati vapindira. Zvishandise uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hurongwa hwese hwakagadzirwa hunosanganisira vanhu vose uye teerera vanhu vakagadzirirwa kubatsira.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekujekesa: zvinoita kuti zvive pachena kuti data rinoshandiswa kudzidzisa algorithm rinobva kupi, chinangwa chekutanga chealgorithm ndechei, uye kana data revarwere remangwana richaramba richibatsira algorithm kudzidza, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
"Kuedza kufanotaura matambudziko etsika asati anyanya kuipa [kunoreva] kuwana nzvimbo yakakwana yaunokwanisa kuziva zvakawanda nezve tekinoroji kuti uve nechivimbo mairi, asi kwete dambudziko risati rapararira uye rigadziriswe nekukurumidza." , akadaro Denton Char. Mudzidzi weSainzi dzeMishonga, Purofesa Associate weDhipatimendi rePediatric Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine nePain Medicine. Danho rimwe rinokosha, anodaro, kuziva vese vane chekuita nehunyanzvi uye kuona kuti ivo pachavo vangada kupindura sei mibvunzo iyoyo.
Jesse Ehrenfeld, MD, purezidhendi weAmerican Medical Association, anotaura nezvezvinhu zvina zvinokurudzira kushandiswa kwechishandiso chehutano hwedhijitari, kusanganisira icho chinoshandiswa nenjere dzekugadzira. Chinoshanda here? Izvi zvichashanda here muchikoro changu? Ndiani anobhadhara? Ndiani ane basa nazvo?
Michael Pfeffer, MD, mukuru wezveruzivo weStanford Health Care, akataura muenzaniso wechangobva kuitika umo nyaya dzakawanda dzakaedzwa pakati pevanamukoti muzvipatara zveStanford. Vanachiremba vanotsigirwa nemamodheru makuru emitauro anopa tsananguro dzekutanga dzemashoko anouya evarwere. Kunyangwe chirongwa ichi chisina kukwana, vanachiremba vakabatsira kugadzira tekinoroji iyi vanoti modheru iyi inoderedza mutoro webasa ravo.
"Tinogara tichitarisa pazvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha: kuchengetedzeka, kushanda zvakanaka uye kubatanidzwa. Tiri vanachiremba. Tinopika kuti "hatizokuvadzi," akadaro Nina Vasan, MD, purofesa wezvepfungwa nesainzi yemaitiro, uyo akabatana naChar naPfeffer vakabatana neboka iri. "Iyi ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekuongorora maturusi aya."
Nigam Shah, MBBS, Ph.D., Purofesa weMishonga neBiomedical Data Science, akatanga hurukuro iyi nenhamba dzinoshamisa pasinei nekunyevera kwakakodzera kune vateereri. "Ndinotaura nemashoko nenhamba, uye dzimwe nguva dzinowanzova dzakananga," akadaro.
Sekureva kwaShah, kubudirira kweAI kunoenderana nekukwanisa kwedu kuiwedzera. "Kuita tsvakiridzo yesainzi chaiyo pamuenzaniso kunotora makore angangoita gumi, uye kana imwe neimwe yezvirongwa zve123 zvekudyidzana nekugara ichida kuyedza nekuisa muenzaniso uyu padanho iroro rekugadzirisa, zvaizova zvakaoma kwazvo kuita sainzi chaiyo sezvo pari zvino tichironga kuedza kwedu uye [kuyedza]]. Zvaizodhura $138 bhiriyoni kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo dzedu dzese dzinoshanda nemazvo," akadaro Shah. "Hatigone kutenga izvi. Saka tinofanira kutsvaga nzira yekuwedzera, uye tinofanira kuwedzera nekuita sainzi yakanaka. Unyanzvi hwekugadzirisa huri panzvimbo imwe uye hunyanzvi hwekuwedzera huri kune imwe nzvimbo, saka tichada rudzi irworwo rwekubatana."
Mubatsiri weDean Yuan Ashley naMildred Cho (Musangano wekugamuchira vaenzi) vakapinda musangano weRAISE Health Workshop. Steve Fish
Vamwe vatauri pamusangano uyu vakati izvi zvinogona kuitika kuburikidza nekudyidzana pakati pehurumende nemakambani, zvakaita seWhite House Executive Order on the Secure, Secure and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence uye Consortium for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence (CHAI).
"Kudyidzana kwehurumende nemakambani ane mukana mukuru ndekwepakati pedzidzo yepamusoro, masangano akazvimirira nemasangano ehurumende," akadaro Laura Adams, mupi wezano mukuru weNational Academy of Medicine. Akataura kuti hurumende inogona kuona kuti vanhu vanovimbika, uye nzvimbo dzekurapa dzedzidzo dzinogona kupa mvumo, uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye nguva yemakombiyuta inogona kupihwa nemakambani akazvimirira. "Tose tiri nani kupfuura chero ani zvake wedu, uye tinoziva kuti ... hatigone kunyengetera kuti tizive kugona kwe [hungwaru hwekugadzira] kunze kwekunge tanzwisisa kuti tingataurirana sei."
Vatauri vakati AI iri kuitawo kuti pave nemhedzisiro mukutsvagurudza, kunyangwe masayendisiti achiishandisa kuongorora dzidziso dzezvebhayoloji, kufanotaura kutevedzana kutsva uye maumbirwo emamorekuru ekugadzira kuti atsigire kurapwa kutsva, kana kutobatsira kupfupikisa kana kunyora mapepa esainzi.
"Iyi mukana wekuona zvisingazivikanwi," akadaro Jessica Mega, MD, chiremba wemwoyo paStanford University School of Medicine uye mumwe wevakatanga Alphabet's Verily. Mega akataura nezve hyperspectral imaging, iyo inotora mifananidzo isingaonekwe neziso remunhu. Pfungwa yacho ndeyekushandisa njere dzekugadzira kuona mapatani ari mumasiraidhi ezvirwere ayo vanhu vasingaoni anoratidza chirwere. "Ndinokurudzira vanhu kuti vagamuchire zvisingazivikanwi. Ndinofunga kuti munhu wese pano anoziva mumwe munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa chinoda chimwe chinhu chinopfuura chatinogona kupa nhasi," akadaro Mejia.
Vamiriri vepamusangano vakabvumiranawo kuti masisitimu ehungwaru hwekugadzira achapa nzira itsva dzekuziva nekurwisa kuita sarudzo dzine rusaruro, kungave kwakaitwa nevanhu kana hungwaru hwekugadzira, nekukwanisa kuziva kwakabva rusaruro.
“Hutano hunopfuura kungova nekurapwa chete,” vatauri vakati wandei vakabvumirana. Vatauri vakasimbisa kuti vaongorori vanowanzo furatira zvinhu zvinokonzeresa hutano munharaunda, zvakaita semamiriro ehupfumi, zip code, dzidzo, uye dzinza, pavanounganidza data rinosanganisira uye vachitora vatori vechikamu kuti vadzidze. “AI inoshanda chete sedata rakadzidziswa modhi iyi,” akadaro Michelle Williams, purofesa wezvirwere zvepfungwa paHarvard University uye purofesa wezvirwere zvepfungwa nehutano hwevanhu paStanford University School of Medicine. “Kana tikaita zvatinoedza kuita, kuvandudza mhedzisiro yehutano uye kubvisa kusawirirana, tinofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti tinounganidza data repamusoro-soro pamaitiro evanhu uye nharaunda yemagariro neyakasikwa.”
Natalie Pageler, MD, purofesa wezvekurapa kwevana nevezvekurapa, akati data regomarara rinowanzo bvisa data revakadzi vane pamuviri, zvichikonzera rusaruro rusingadzivisiki mumamodeli uye zvichiwedzera kusawirirana kuripo muhutano.
Dr. David Magnus, purofesa wezvevana nemishonga, akati sechero tekinoroji itsva, njere dzekugadzira dzinogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nani munzira dzakawanda kana kuti zviwedzere kuipa. Magnus akati njodzi ndeyekuti masisitimu enjere dzekugadzira achadzidza nezvemigumisiro yehutano isina kuenzana inokonzerwa nezvinokonzeresa hutano munharaunda uye achasimbisa mhedzisiro iyoyo kuburikidza nezvibereko zvayo. "Uchenjeri hwekugadzira igirazi rinoratidza nzanga yatinogara mairi," akadaro. "Ndinovimba kuti nguva dzese dzatinowana mukana wekuratidza nyaya—kutarisa girazi—zvichatikurudzira kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu."
Kana usina kukwanisa kupinda musangano weRAISE Health, unogona kuwana kopi yemusangano uyu pano.
Stanford University School of Medicine ihurongwa hwakabatana hwekuchengetedza hutano hwedzidzo hunosanganisira Stanford University School of Medicine uye masisitimu ekupa hutano hwevanhu vakuru nevana. Pamwe chete vanoona kugona kwakazara kwemishonga ye biomedicine kuburikidza nekutsvagisa pamwe chete, dzidzo uye kutarisirwa kwevarwere vekiriniki. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira med.stanford.edu.
Imwe nzira itsva yekuchenjera kwekugadzira zvinhu iri kubatsira vanachiremba nevanamukoti vekuStanford Hospital kushanda pamwe chete kuvandudza kutarisirwa kwevarwere.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-19-2024